| Bone |
Structure |
Description |
Notes |
| rib |
|
the bone forming the lateral thoracic wall |
12 pairs; several types are described: typical or
"true" ribs, "false" ribs, "floating" ribs;
all three types of ribs have many features in common: head, neck,
tubercle, angle, body, costal groove |
| |
head |
posteromedial end of the rib |
it articulates with demifacets of two adjacent
vertebral bodies |
| |
neck |
the constricted region lateral to the head of the rib |
the neck of the rib is located between the head and the
tubercle |
| |
tubercle |
a projection located posteroinferior and lateral to the
neck of the rib |
it articulates with the transverse process of a
vertebra |
| |
body |
the shaft of the rib |
the body is the longest part of a typical rib |
| |
angle |
the marked angulation of the body located just lateral
to the tubercle |
the angle of the rib is its most posterior part |
| |
costal groove |
the groove on the inner surface of the inferior border
of the body of the rib |
it accommodates the intercostal neurovascular bundle;
the costal groove provides a protective function for the intercostal
neurovascular bundle, |
| ribs 1-7 |
|
"true" ribs - those which attach directly to
the sternum |
true ribs actually attach to the sternum by means of a
costal cartilage and a true synovial joint |
| rib 1 |
|
the most cephalic rib |
it is the broadest, shortest and widest of the ribs;
the scalene tubercle marks its superior surface and is an elevation
between grooves for the subclavian vein & artery; the scalene
tubercle is the attachment site of the scalenus anterior m. |
| rib 2 |
|
the rib attached to the 1st and 2nd thoracic vertebrae |
it articulates via a costal cartilage with the sternum
at the level of the sternal angle; its superior surface is roughened by
the attachments of the scalene mm. |
| rib 8-10 |
|
"false" ribs |
they articulate via costal cartilages with the costal
cartilage of rib 7 |
| rib 11-12 |
|
"floating" ribs |
the anterior ends of these ribs do not articulate with
the sternum or the costal cartilage of the rib above; their costal
cartilages are short and end in the muscle of the posterolateral
abdominal wall |
| sternum |
|
the broad flat bone forming the anterior thoracic wall |
it is formed by three parts: manubrium, body, xiphoid
process |
| |
manubrium |
the superior part of the sternum |
manubrium means "handle", as in the handle of
a sword |
| |
jugular (suprasternal) notch |
a notch on the superior border of the manubrium |
it is located between the clavicular notches which
articulate with the sternal ends of the clavicles |
| |
clavicular notch |
a notch on the superolateral border of the manubrium |
it articulate with the sternal end of the clavicle |
| |
sternal angle |
the junction of the manubrium and body of the sternum |
it is an anterior projection located at the level of
the costal cartilage of rib 2; an important landmark for internal
thoracic anatomy |
| |
body |
the middle part of the sternum |
it articulates with the manubrium superiorly and the
xiphoid process inferiorly; laterally it articulates with the costal
cartilages of ribs 2-7 |
| |
xiphoid process |
the inferior part of the sternum |
xiphoid means "sword shaped"; it is variable
in size, shape & ossification; it articulates with the body of the
sternum superiorly |
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